Tobacco contains nicotine. When you smoke, nicotine is absorbed through your lungs into your blood. When nicotine reaches your brain it stimulates the release of neurotransmitters including dopamine, which acts to cause feelings of pleasure, often leading to nicotine addiction.
When you stop smoking you no longer stimulate the production of dopamine and you may experience a variety of symptoms such as craving a cigarette, feeling restless, a change in mood, or trouble sleeping. For most people who stop smoking, these withdrawal symptoms are worse in the first few days to a couple of weeks, then they reduce in strength and frequency.
Cytisine works by attaching to some of the same receptors in the brain as nicotine, reducing the pleasurable feelings experienced when using nicotine-containing products. Cytisine increases the likelihood you will stop smoking by approximately 75% compared with placebo, but also allows a gradual reduction in nicotine dependence. Compared with nicotine replacement therapy, where the body remains addicted to nicotine, cytisine has the additional benefit of weaning you off nicotine.
Days of treatment | Recommended dosing | Maximum daily dose |
---|---|---|
From the 4th to the 12th day | 1 tablet every 2.5 hours | 5 tablets |
From the 13th to the 16th day | 1 tablet every 3 hours | 4 tablets |
From the 17th to the 20th day | 1 tablet every 5 hours | 3 tablets |
From the 21st to the 25th day | 1-2 tablets a day | 2 tablets |
An alternative version of the treatment schedule which you may find easier to follow (from the National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training).